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Data Types</a> &#187;</li> <li class="right"> <div class="inline-search" style="display: none" role="search"> <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input placeholder="Quick search" type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> </div> <script type="text/javascript">$('.inline-search').show(0);</script> | </li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body" role="main"> <div class="section" id="module-calendar"> <span id="calendar-general-calendar-related-functions"></span><h1>8.2. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-calendar" title="calendar: Functions for working with calendars, including some emulation of the Unix cal program."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">calendar</span></code></a> — General calendar-related functions<a class="headerlink" href="#module-calendar" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.6/Lib/calendar.py">Lib/calendar.py</a></p> <hr class="docutils" /> <p>This module allows you to output calendars like the Unix <strong class="program">cal</strong> program, and provides additional useful functions related to the calendar. By default, these calendars have Monday as the first day of the week, and Sunday as the last (the European convention). Use <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.setfirstweekday" title="calendar.setfirstweekday"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setfirstweekday()</span></code></a> to set the first day of the week to Sunday (6) or to any other weekday. Parameters that specify dates are given as integers. For related functionality, see also the <a class="reference internal" href="datetime.html#module-datetime" title="datetime: Basic date and time types."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="time.html#module-time" title="time: Time access and conversions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">time</span></code></a> modules.</p> <p>Most of these functions and classes rely on the <a class="reference internal" href="datetime.html#module-datetime" title="datetime: Basic date and time types."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime</span></code></a> module which uses an idealized calendar, the current Gregorian calendar extended in both directions. This matches the definition of the “proleptic Gregorian” calendar in Dershowitz and Reingold’s book “Calendrical Calculations”, where it’s the base calendar for all computations.</p> <dl class="class"> <dt id="calendar.Calendar"> <em class="property">class </em><code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">Calendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>firstweekday=0</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Creates a <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar" title="calendar.Calendar"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Calendar</span></code></a> object. <em>firstweekday</em> is an integer specifying the first day of the week. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> is Monday (the default), <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">6</span></code> is Sunday.</p> <p>A <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar" title="calendar.Calendar"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Calendar</span></code></a> object provides several methods that can be used for preparing the calendar data for formatting. This class doesn’t do any formatting itself. This is the job of subclasses.</p> <p><a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar" title="calendar.Calendar"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Calendar</span></code></a> instances have the following methods:</p> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.Calendar.iterweekdays"> <code class="descname">iterweekdays</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.iterweekdays" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return an iterator for the week day numbers that will be used for one week. The first value from the iterator will be the same as the value of the <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.firstweekday" title="calendar.firstweekday"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">firstweekday</span></code></a> property.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.Calendar.itermonthdates"> <code class="descname">itermonthdates</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.itermonthdates" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return an iterator for the month <em>month</em> (1–12) in the year <em>year</em>. This iterator will return all days (as <a class="reference internal" href="datetime.html#datetime.date" title="datetime.date"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime.date</span></code></a> objects) for the month and all days before the start of the month or after the end of the month that are required to get a complete week.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.Calendar.itermonthdays2"> <code class="descname">itermonthdays2</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.itermonthdays2" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return an iterator for the month <em>month</em> in the year <em>year</em> similar to <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar.itermonthdates" title="calendar.Calendar.itermonthdates"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">itermonthdates()</span></code></a>. Days returned will be tuples consisting of a day number and a week day number.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.Calendar.itermonthdays"> <code class="descname">itermonthdays</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.itermonthdays" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return an iterator for the month <em>month</em> in the year <em>year</em> similar to <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar.itermonthdates" title="calendar.Calendar.itermonthdates"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">itermonthdates()</span></code></a>. Days returned will simply be day numbers.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.Calendar.monthdatescalendar"> <code class="descname">monthdatescalendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.monthdatescalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a list of the weeks in the month <em>month</em> of the <em>year</em> as full weeks. Weeks are lists of seven <a class="reference internal" href="datetime.html#datetime.date" title="datetime.date"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime.date</span></code></a> objects.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.Calendar.monthdays2calendar"> <code class="descname">monthdays2calendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.monthdays2calendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a list of the weeks in the month <em>month</em> of the <em>year</em> as full weeks. Weeks are lists of seven tuples of day numbers and weekday numbers.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.Calendar.monthdayscalendar"> <code class="descname">monthdayscalendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.monthdayscalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a list of the weeks in the month <em>month</em> of the <em>year</em> as full weeks. Weeks are lists of seven day numbers.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.Calendar.yeardatescalendar"> <code class="descname">yeardatescalendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>width=3</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.yeardatescalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return the data for the specified year ready for formatting. The return value is a list of month rows. Each month row contains up to <em>width</em> months (defaulting to 3). Each month contains between 4 and 6 weeks and each week contains 1–7 days. Days are <a class="reference internal" href="datetime.html#datetime.date" title="datetime.date"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime.date</span></code></a> objects.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.Calendar.yeardays2calendar"> <code class="descname">yeardays2calendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>width=3</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.yeardays2calendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return the data for the specified year ready for formatting (similar to <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar.yeardatescalendar" title="calendar.Calendar.yeardatescalendar"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">yeardatescalendar()</span></code></a>). Entries in the week lists are tuples of day numbers and weekday numbers. Day numbers outside this month are zero.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.Calendar.yeardayscalendar"> <code class="descname">yeardayscalendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>width=3</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.Calendar.yeardayscalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return the data for the specified year ready for formatting (similar to <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.Calendar.yeardatescalendar" title="calendar.Calendar.yeardatescalendar"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">yeardatescalendar()</span></code></a>). Entries in the week lists are day numbers. Day numbers outside this month are zero.</p> </dd></dl> </dd></dl> <dl class="class"> <dt id="calendar.TextCalendar"> <em class="property">class </em><code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">TextCalendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>firstweekday=0</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.TextCalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This class can be used to generate plain text calendars.</p> <p><a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.TextCalendar" title="calendar.TextCalendar"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TextCalendar</span></code></a> instances have the following methods:</p> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.TextCalendar.formatmonth"> <code class="descname">formatmonth</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>theyear</em>, <em>themonth</em>, <em>w=0</em>, <em>l=0</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.TextCalendar.formatmonth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a month’s calendar in a multi-line string. If <em>w</em> is provided, it specifies the width of the date columns, which are centered. If <em>l</em> is given, it specifies the number of lines that each week will use. Depends on the first weekday as specified in the constructor or set by the <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.setfirstweekday" title="calendar.setfirstweekday"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setfirstweekday()</span></code></a> method.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.TextCalendar.prmonth"> <code class="descname">prmonth</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>theyear</em>, <em>themonth</em>, <em>w=0</em>, <em>l=0</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.TextCalendar.prmonth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Print a month’s calendar as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.TextCalendar.formatmonth" title="calendar.TextCalendar.formatmonth"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">formatmonth()</span></code></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.TextCalendar.formatyear"> <code class="descname">formatyear</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>theyear</em>, <em>w=2</em>, <em>l=1</em>, <em>c=6</em>, <em>m=3</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.TextCalendar.formatyear" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a <em>m</em>-column calendar for an entire year as a multi-line string. Optional parameters <em>w</em>, <em>l</em>, and <em>c</em> are for date column width, lines per week, and number of spaces between month columns, respectively. Depends on the first weekday as specified in the constructor or set by the <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.setfirstweekday" title="calendar.setfirstweekday"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setfirstweekday()</span></code></a> method. The earliest year for which a calendar can be generated is platform-dependent.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.TextCalendar.pryear"> <code class="descname">pryear</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>theyear</em>, <em>w=2</em>, <em>l=1</em>, <em>c=6</em>, <em>m=3</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.TextCalendar.pryear" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Print the calendar for an entire year as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.TextCalendar.formatyear" title="calendar.TextCalendar.formatyear"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">formatyear()</span></code></a>.</p> </dd></dl> </dd></dl> <dl class="class"> <dt id="calendar.HTMLCalendar"> <em class="property">class </em><code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">HTMLCalendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>firstweekday=0</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.HTMLCalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This class can be used to generate HTML calendars.</p> <p><a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.HTMLCalendar" title="calendar.HTMLCalendar"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HTMLCalendar</span></code></a> instances have the following methods:</p> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.HTMLCalendar.formatmonth"> <code class="descname">formatmonth</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>theyear</em>, <em>themonth</em>, <em>withyear=True</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.HTMLCalendar.formatmonth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a month’s calendar as an HTML table. If <em>withyear</em> is true the year will be included in the header, otherwise just the month name will be used.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.HTMLCalendar.formatyear"> <code class="descname">formatyear</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>theyear</em>, <em>width=3</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.HTMLCalendar.formatyear" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a year’s calendar as an HTML table. <em>width</em> (defaulting to 3) specifies the number of months per row.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="calendar.HTMLCalendar.formatyearpage"> <code class="descname">formatyearpage</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>theyear</em>, <em>width=3</em>, <em>css='calendar.css'</em>, <em>encoding=None</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.HTMLCalendar.formatyearpage" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a year’s calendar as a complete HTML page. <em>width</em> (defaulting to 3) specifies the number of months per row. <em>css</em> is the name for the cascading style sheet to be used. <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#None" title="None"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code></a> can be passed if no style sheet should be used. <em>encoding</em> specifies the encoding to be used for the output (defaulting to the system default encoding).</p> </dd></dl> </dd></dl> <dl class="class"> <dt id="calendar.LocaleTextCalendar"> <em class="property">class </em><code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">LocaleTextCalendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>firstweekday=0</em>, <em>locale=None</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.LocaleTextCalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.TextCalendar" title="calendar.TextCalendar"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TextCalendar</span></code></a> can be passed a locale name in the constructor and will return month and weekday names in the specified locale. If this locale includes an encoding all strings containing month and weekday names will be returned as unicode.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="class"> <dt id="calendar.LocaleHTMLCalendar"> <em class="property">class </em><code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">LocaleHTMLCalendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>firstweekday=0</em>, <em>locale=None</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.LocaleHTMLCalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.HTMLCalendar" title="calendar.HTMLCalendar"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HTMLCalendar</span></code></a> can be passed a locale name in the constructor and will return month and weekday names in the specified locale. If this locale includes an encoding all strings containing month and weekday names will be returned as unicode.</p> </dd></dl> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">The <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">formatweekday()</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">formatmonthname()</span></code> methods of these two classes temporarily change the current locale to the given <em>locale</em>. Because the current locale is a process-wide setting, they are not thread-safe.</p> </div> <p>For simple text calendars this module provides the following functions.</p> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.setfirstweekday"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">setfirstweekday</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>weekday</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.setfirstweekday" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Sets the weekday (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> is Monday, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">6</span></code> is Sunday) to start each week. The values <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MONDAY</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TUESDAY</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WEDNESDAY</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">THURSDAY</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FRIDAY</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SATURDAY</span></code>, and <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SUNDAY</span></code> are provided for convenience. For example, to set the first weekday to Sunday:</p> <div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">calendar</span> <span class="n">calendar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setfirstweekday</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">calendar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SUNDAY</span><span class="p">)</span> </pre></div> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.firstweekday"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">firstweekday</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.firstweekday" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns the current setting for the weekday to start each week.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.isleap"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">isleap</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.isleap" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#True" title="True"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code></a> if <em>year</em> is a leap year, otherwise <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#False" title="False"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.leapdays"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">leapdays</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>y1</em>, <em>y2</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.leapdays" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns the number of leap years in the range from <em>y1</em> to <em>y2</em> (exclusive), where <em>y1</em> and <em>y2</em> are years.</p> <p>This function works for ranges spanning a century change.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.weekday"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">weekday</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>month</em>, <em>day</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.weekday" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns the day of the week (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> is Monday) for <em>year</em> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1970</span></code>–…), <em>month</em> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code>–<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">12</span></code>), <em>day</em> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code>–<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">31</span></code>).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.weekheader"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">weekheader</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>n</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.weekheader" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a header containing abbreviated weekday names. <em>n</em> specifies the width in characters for one weekday.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.monthrange"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">monthrange</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.monthrange" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns weekday of first day of the month and number of days in month, for the specified <em>year</em> and <em>month</em>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.monthcalendar"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">monthcalendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>month</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.monthcalendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns a matrix representing a month’s calendar. Each row represents a week; days outside of the month a represented by zeros. Each week begins with Monday unless set by <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.setfirstweekday" title="calendar.setfirstweekday"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setfirstweekday()</span></code></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.prmonth"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">prmonth</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>theyear</em>, <em>themonth</em>, <em>w=0</em>, <em>l=0</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.prmonth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Prints a month’s calendar as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.month" title="calendar.month"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">month()</span></code></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.month"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">month</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>theyear</em>, <em>themonth</em>, <em>w=0</em>, <em>l=0</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.month" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns a month’s calendar in a multi-line string using the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">formatmonth()</span></code> of the <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.TextCalendar" title="calendar.TextCalendar"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TextCalendar</span></code></a> class.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.prcal"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">prcal</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>w=0</em>, <em>l=0</em>, <em>c=6</em>, <em>m=3</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.prcal" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Prints the calendar for an entire year as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#module-calendar" title="calendar: Functions for working with calendars, including some emulation of the Unix cal program."><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">calendar()</span></code></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.calendar"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">calendar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>year</em>, <em>w=2</em>, <em>l=1</em>, <em>c=6</em>, <em>m=3</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.calendar" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns a 3-column calendar for an entire year as a multi-line string using the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">formatyear()</span></code> of the <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.TextCalendar" title="calendar.TextCalendar"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TextCalendar</span></code></a> class.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="calendar.timegm"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">timegm</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>tuple</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.timegm" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>An unrelated but handy function that takes a time tuple such as returned by the <a class="reference internal" href="time.html#time.gmtime" title="time.gmtime"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gmtime()</span></code></a> function in the <a class="reference internal" href="time.html#module-time" title="time: Time access and conversions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">time</span></code></a> module, and returns the corresponding Unix timestamp value, assuming an epoch of 1970, and the POSIX encoding. In fact, <a class="reference internal" href="time.html#time.gmtime" title="time.gmtime"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">time.gmtime()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#calendar.timegm" title="calendar.timegm"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">timegm()</span></code></a> are each others’ inverse.</p> </dd></dl> <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-calendar" title="calendar: Functions for working with calendars, including some emulation of the Unix cal program."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">calendar</span></code></a> module exports the following data attributes:</p> <dl class="data"> <dt id="calendar.day_name"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">day_name</code><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.day_name" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>An array that represents the days of the week in the current locale.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="data"> <dt id="calendar.day_abbr"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">day_abbr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.day_abbr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>An array that represents the abbreviated days of the week in the current locale.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="data"> <dt id="calendar.month_name"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">month_name</code><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.month_name" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>An array that represents the months of the year in the current locale. This follows normal convention of January being month number 1, so it has a length of 13 and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">month_name[0]</span></code> is the empty string.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="data"> <dt id="calendar.month_abbr"> <code class="descclassname">calendar.</code><code class="descname">month_abbr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#calendar.month_abbr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>An array that represents the abbreviated months of the year in the current locale. This follows normal convention of January being month number 1, so it has a length of 13 and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">month_abbr[0]</span></code> is the empty string.</p> </dd></dl> <div class="admonition seealso"> <p class="first admonition-title">See also</p> <dl class="last docutils"> <dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="datetime.html#module-datetime" title="datetime: Basic date and time types."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime</span></code></a></dt> <dd>Object-oriented interface to dates and times with similar functionality to the <a class="reference internal" href="time.html#module-time" title="time: Time access and conversions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">time</span></code></a> module.</dd> <dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="time.html#module-time" title="time: Time access and conversions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">time</span></code></a></dt> <dd>Low-level time related functions.</dd> </dl> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="datetime.html" title="previous chapter">8.1. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime</span></code> — Basic date and time types</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="collections.html" title="next chapter">8.3. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">collections</span></code> — Container datatypes</a></p> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.6/Doc/library/calendar.rst" rel="nofollow">Show Source </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="collections.html" title="8.3. collections — Container datatypes" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="datetime.html" title="8.1. datetime — Basic date and time types" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> &#187;</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">3.6.7 Documentation</a> &#187; </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> &#187;</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="datatypes.html" >8. 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